Author: TheConversation

The Great Vampire Epidemic: How the myth of Dracula was born from disease and folklore

By Stanley Stepanic, Assistant Professor of Slavic Languages and Literatures, University of Virginia The vampire is a common image in today’s pop culture, and one that takes many forms: from Alucard, the dashing spawn of Dracula in the PlayStation game “Castlevania: Symphony of the Night” to Edward, the romantic and idealistic lover in the “Twilight” series. In many respects, the vampire of today is far removed from its roots in Eastern European folklore. As a professor of Slavic studies who has taught a course on vampires called “Dracula” for more than a decade, I am always fascinated by the...

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Human cost of climate change: Millions of urban families at risk from dangerous weather exposure

By Cascade Tuholske, Postdoctoral Research Scientist, Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN), Columbia Climate School, Columbia University; Chris Funk, Director of the Climate Hazards Center, University of California Santa Barbara; and Kathryn Grace, Associate Professor of Geography, Environment and Society, University of Minnesota Extreme urban heat exposure has dramatically increased since the early 1980s, with the total exposure tripling over the past 35 years. Today, about 1.7 billion people, nearly one-quarter of the global population, live in urban areas where extreme heat exposure has risen, as we show in a new study released October 4, 2021. Most...

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Fossil fuels and global warming: What Big Oil knew about climate change and kept secret from the public

By Benjamin Franta, Ph.D. Candidate in History, Stanford University Four years ago, I traveled around America, visiting historical archives. I was looking for documents that might reveal the hidden history of climate change and when the major coal, oil and gas companies became aware of the problem, and what they knew about it. I pored over boxes of papers, thousands of pages. I began to recognize typewriter fonts from the 1960s and ‘70s and marveled at the legibility of past penmanship, and got used to squinting when it was not so clear. What those papers revealed is now changing our...

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A future default: The political game of chicken over the debt ceiling has real-life consequences

By Michael Humphries, Deputy Chair of Business Administration, Touro College Congress has seemingly kicked the debt ceiling deadline down the road, but the threat of a future default still exists. On October 7, 2021, lawmakers in the Senate agreed to extend the government’s ability to borrow until December. It came after Senate Minority Leader Mitch McConnell offered a temporary suspension to the debt limit, averting a default until at least December. But at that point, Democrats would have to find a way to raise the debt ceiling on their own – something they have said they will not do....

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Infectious Diseases: Parents accepted compulsory school vaccinations for decades prior to COVID

By James Colgrove, Professor of Sociomedical Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health; Dean of the Postbaccalaureate Premedical Program, Columbia School of General Studies, Columbia University The ongoing battles over COVID-19 vaccination in the U.S. are likely to get more heated when the Food and Drug Administration authorizes emergency use of a vaccine for children ages 5 to 11, expected later this fall. California has announced it will require the vaccine for elementary school attendance once it receives full FDA approval after emergency use authorization, and other states may follow suit. COVID-19 vaccination mandates in workplaces and colleges have sparked...

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A Twindemic: COVID-19 paired with flu season makes the need for vaccinations even more urgent

By Mark S. Roberts, Distinguished Professor of Health Policy and Management, University of Pittsburgh; and Richard K Zimmerman, Professor of Family Medicine, University of Pittsburgh As winter looms and hospitals across the United States continue to be deluged with severe cases of COVID-19, flu season presents a particularly ominous threat this year. We are researchers with expertise in vaccination policy and mathematical modeling of infectious disease. Our group, the Public Health Dynamics Laboratory at the University of Pittsburgh, has been modeling influenza for over a decade. One of us has been a member of the Centers for Disease Control...

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